Country Timelines
Verfasst: Sa 22.03.2003, 20:09
Austria:
1815-1848
- This was the age of Metternich. The Industrial revolution was beginning and it was a time of boom and bust economies. There was a rise in social problems and also a rise in the desire for popular government participation. Nationalism also began to become apparent.
1817
- The Wartburg Festival. A German student protest against the conservative government.
1819
- August Von Kotzebue, a conservative playwright, was assassinated.
- The German confederacy adopted the Carlsbad Decrees, which put strict control on German and Austrian universities.
1820
- European Congress met at Troppau
1820's
- First sustained industrial development.
1821
- European Congress met at Laibach
- Austrian troops supressed uprisings in Naples and Piedmont
1822
- European Congress met at Verona
- The British withdrew from the Concert of Europe, which weakened Metternich's control.
1826
- Count Von Kolowrat appointed Minister of State. Metternich's power begins to decline.
1830
- The French Revolution; weakened Metternich's control.
1831
- Austrian troops supressed uprisings in Parma, Modena, and Papal states.
1835
- Francis died, his son, Ferdinand assumed emperorship. A "state conference" was made to rule the monarchy.
1836
- Steam railroad going north from Vienna began.
1840's
- Austrian production skyrocketing, formation of the railroad and water transportation began.
Mid 1840's
- Many harvest failures, coupled with conservative policies, and increased desire for freedom, increased participation in the government and increased nationalism, started a revolution.
1848
- Final abolition of serfdom.
- European-wide revolution.Revolution in Austria. There were three parts to the revolution: Social, democratic-liberal, and national. The national aspect was the most important outside of Vienna.
- March 13th: A demonstration was held for freedoms and liberation.
- October: The Hapsburgs retook Vienna and executed the radical leaders.
1849
- May: Hapsburgs and the government fled to Vienna
- April: A constitution was issued, and the people elected a legislature.
- June: The legislature met and opted for a more democratic constitution.
- Sept.: There was fighting between Austria and Hungary.
- Sept.: The Hungarian army surrendered. Austria got help from Russia and gained new land under Austrian rule.
- Dec 30th: Divided into Upper Austria, officially Archduchy of Austria above the Enns, and Lower Austria, officially Archduchy of Austria below the Enns
1850
- Vienna made a self- governing country.
1866
- 20 Jun - 24 Aug: Austria a Member of the German Confederation
- 23 Aug: Cedes Venetia to France (which cedes it to Italy)
1918
- 17 Oct: Independence of Hungary
- 28 Oct: Independence of the Czechoslovak State
- 11 Nov: End of Habsburg dynastic rule
- 12 Nov: Republic of German-Austria
1919
-10 Sep: Treaty of St. Germain-en-Laye
Austria recognizes independence of Hungary, Czechoslovakia (Bohemia and Moravia), Poland, and the Yugoslav state; cedes Carniola (Slovenia), Dalmatia, Bosnia and Hercegovina and parts of Styria to the Yugoslav state; Bukovina is ceded to Romania; Eastern Galicia and Cracow ceded to Poland; Southern Tyrol, Trient, Görz (Gorizia), Istria, and Triest ceded to Italy; and Austria is forbidden from union with Germany (also Sopron ceded to Hungary and southern Carinthia remains Austrian after plebiscites are held [treaty enters into force 16 Jul 1920])
- 21 Oct: Republic of Austria
1934
- 1 Jul: Federal State of Austria
1938
- 13 Mar: Annexed to Germany
1939
- 14 Mar - 1 May: German state of Ostmark (as the state of Ostmark, which is dissolved into Reichsgaue 1 May 1939)
1945
- 8 Apr: Soviet forces being occupation Austria.
- 27 Apr: Republic of Austria
- 13 May: Vienna surrenders (under four power occupation 1945-55)
- Jul: Joint allied occupation begins.
- 11 Sep: Allied control council formed.
1955
- 15 May: Allied occupation ends, Austrian sovereignty restored
1815-1848
- This was the age of Metternich. The Industrial revolution was beginning and it was a time of boom and bust economies. There was a rise in social problems and also a rise in the desire for popular government participation. Nationalism also began to become apparent.
1817
- The Wartburg Festival. A German student protest against the conservative government.
1819
- August Von Kotzebue, a conservative playwright, was assassinated.
- The German confederacy adopted the Carlsbad Decrees, which put strict control on German and Austrian universities.
1820
- European Congress met at Troppau
1820's
- First sustained industrial development.
1821
- European Congress met at Laibach
- Austrian troops supressed uprisings in Naples and Piedmont
1822
- European Congress met at Verona
- The British withdrew from the Concert of Europe, which weakened Metternich's control.
1826
- Count Von Kolowrat appointed Minister of State. Metternich's power begins to decline.
1830
- The French Revolution; weakened Metternich's control.
1831
- Austrian troops supressed uprisings in Parma, Modena, and Papal states.
1835
- Francis died, his son, Ferdinand assumed emperorship. A "state conference" was made to rule the monarchy.
1836
- Steam railroad going north from Vienna began.
1840's
- Austrian production skyrocketing, formation of the railroad and water transportation began.
Mid 1840's
- Many harvest failures, coupled with conservative policies, and increased desire for freedom, increased participation in the government and increased nationalism, started a revolution.
1848
- Final abolition of serfdom.
- European-wide revolution.Revolution in Austria. There were three parts to the revolution: Social, democratic-liberal, and national. The national aspect was the most important outside of Vienna.
- March 13th: A demonstration was held for freedoms and liberation.
- October: The Hapsburgs retook Vienna and executed the radical leaders.
1849
- May: Hapsburgs and the government fled to Vienna
- April: A constitution was issued, and the people elected a legislature.
- June: The legislature met and opted for a more democratic constitution.
- Sept.: There was fighting between Austria and Hungary.
- Sept.: The Hungarian army surrendered. Austria got help from Russia and gained new land under Austrian rule.
- Dec 30th: Divided into Upper Austria, officially Archduchy of Austria above the Enns, and Lower Austria, officially Archduchy of Austria below the Enns
1850
- Vienna made a self- governing country.
1866
- 20 Jun - 24 Aug: Austria a Member of the German Confederation
- 23 Aug: Cedes Venetia to France (which cedes it to Italy)
1918
- 17 Oct: Independence of Hungary
- 28 Oct: Independence of the Czechoslovak State
- 11 Nov: End of Habsburg dynastic rule
- 12 Nov: Republic of German-Austria
1919
-10 Sep: Treaty of St. Germain-en-Laye
Austria recognizes independence of Hungary, Czechoslovakia (Bohemia and Moravia), Poland, and the Yugoslav state; cedes Carniola (Slovenia), Dalmatia, Bosnia and Hercegovina and parts of Styria to the Yugoslav state; Bukovina is ceded to Romania; Eastern Galicia and Cracow ceded to Poland; Southern Tyrol, Trient, Görz (Gorizia), Istria, and Triest ceded to Italy; and Austria is forbidden from union with Germany (also Sopron ceded to Hungary and southern Carinthia remains Austrian after plebiscites are held [treaty enters into force 16 Jul 1920])
- 21 Oct: Republic of Austria
1934
- 1 Jul: Federal State of Austria
1938
- 13 Mar: Annexed to Germany
1939
- 14 Mar - 1 May: German state of Ostmark (as the state of Ostmark, which is dissolved into Reichsgaue 1 May 1939)
1945
- 8 Apr: Soviet forces being occupation Austria.
- 27 Apr: Republic of Austria
- 13 May: Vienna surrenders (under four power occupation 1945-55)
- Jul: Joint allied occupation begins.
- 11 Sep: Allied control council formed.
1955
- 15 May: Allied occupation ends, Austrian sovereignty restored